Decolonisation is often discussed in the heritage sector as a theoretical framework or a policy goal. But in practice, it is rarely neat, and it is never comfortable. A recent webinar organised by the Europeana Network Association Communicators Community brought together perspectives from Brazil and Europe, sparking a necessary reflection on the gap between our intentions and our institutional realities.
The discussion made it clear that we need to move beyond performing decolonisation and start dismantling the structures that prevent it. To do so, we must rethink three core areas: our relationship with conflict, our understanding of the objects we hold and the way we manage time.
Inhabiting the zone of conflict
We tend to see museums as neutral containers for history—quiet, ordered spaces where the past is preserved. But this neutrality is an illusion. A truly decolonial approach requires us to accept that the museum is, and perhaps should be, a zone of conflict.
Democracy isn't about the absence of tension; it is about the capacity to navigate it. When institutions try to sanitise these frictions to present a unified narrative, they often silence the very communities they claim to engage. The shift we need is from the museum as a ‘fortress’ of authority to a ‘space of negotiation’. This means viewing vulnerability not as a professional failure, but as a methodological necessity. If we aren't encountering disagreement, we probably aren't sharing power.
The ‘Territorial Body’
This need for negotiation extends to the objects themselves. Western conservation typically focuses on preserving the ‘matter’—the physical integrity of wood, ceramic, or textile. But this view is often too narrow to capture the reality of Indigenous heritage.
The discussion highlighted the concept of the ‘Territorial Body’. In many cosmologies, an object cannot be separated from the land it came from or the body that made it. The narrative, the maker, and the raw material are one living system.
This poses a challenge to European institutions: you cannot truly preserve an object if the territory it comes from is being destroyed, or if the community is barred from practising the rituals required to create it. Conservation, in this light, must evolve into a form of 'care' that respects the spiritual agency of the object and the environmental health of its origin. It forces us to ask: are we preserving a culture, or just its hollowed-out shell?
Ending the ‘Project’ mentality
Perhaps the most structural barrier to this work is the sector’s addiction to the ‘project’. We rely on initiatives with rigid start and end dates, driven by grant cycles and fiscal years.
But relationships do not adhere to Gantt charts. Decolonisation is a continuous cycle of beginning, developing and returning to the beginning. When institutions operate on short-term timelines, they extract knowledge and leave when the funding dries up, actively damaging trust.
Genuine collaboration requires a permanence that ‘projects’ cannot offer. It requires creating an environment where partners feel the museum is an extension of their own territory—a space so respected that storage rooms are treated with the same reverence as sacred ground. This level of intimacy takes years to build, and it can be destroyed in a moment of bureaucratic rigidity.
The soft power of terminology
Finally, the reflection touched on the invisible power of language. From the metadata we use to the way we mark time (for example, shifting from ‘BC/AD’ to the ‘Common Era’), every word is a choice. Using AI to detect bias in catalogues is a start, but the human work of questioning our default settings is ongoing.
The path forward isn't about finding a one-size-fits-all recipe. It is about recognising that museums possess ‘soft power’, and that this power is most effective when it is shared, negotiated, and occasionally disrupted.
About the event
This article draws on the insights shared during the webinar 'Decolonising Museum Practices: A Dialogue Between Brazil and Europe'. We thank the speakers for their candour and expertise in guiding this reflection.
Speakers:
Sandra Benites: Curator, Educator and Activist (Guarani Nhandewa people), Visual Arts Director at Funarte.
Prof. Marília Xavier Cury: Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology, University of São Paulo (MAE-USP).
Georgia Pollak: Hellenic Ministry of Culture and Sports.
Isabel Beirigo (Moderator): Communication & Heritage Expert, 'De-Bias' project.
Claudia Porto (Host): Museologist, ICOM Advisory Board, Europeana Communicators Community.
You can watch the event recording on Youtube.
Get involved
To continue the conversation and be the first to hear about more events like this, we invite you to join the Europeana Network Association. The Communicators Community plans more webinars exploring this topic in 2026, so don’t miss your chance to join!